Adaptec SAS/SATA/SCSI RAID Controllers User Manual Page 63
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Appendix A: Introduction to Serial Attached SCSI ● 63
Terminology Used in This Chapter
For convenience, SAS HBAs and SAS RAID controllers are referred to generically in this
chapter as SAS cards. HBAs, RAID controllers, disk drives, and external disk drive enclosures
are referred to as end devices and expanders are referred to as expander devices.
For convenience, this chapter refers to end devices and expander devices collectively as SAS
devices.
What is SAS?
Legacy parallel SCSI is an interface that lets devices such as computers and disk drives
communicate with each other. Parallel SCSI moves multiple bits of data in parallel (at the same
time), using the SCSI command set.
SAS is an evolution of parallel SCSI to a point-to-point serial interface. SAS also uses the SCSI
command set, but moves multiple bits of data one at a time. SAS links end devices through
direct-attach connections, or through expander devices.
SAS cards can typically support up to 128 end devices and can communicate with both SAS
and SATA devices. (You can add 128 end devices—or even more—with the use of SAS
expanders. See page 67.)
Note:
Although you can use both SAS and SATA disk drives in the same SAS domain (see page
67), Adaptec recommends that you not combine SAS and SATA disk drives within the same
array or logical drive. The difference in performance between the two types of disk drives may
adversely affect the performance of the array.
Data can move in both directions simultaneously across a SAS connection (called a link—see
page 64). Link speed is 600 MB/sec in full-duplex mode. A SAS card with eight links has a
maximum bandwidth of 4800 MB/sec in full-duplex mode.
Although they share the SCSI command set, SAS is conceptually different from parallel SCSI
physically, and has its own types of connectors, cables, connection options, and terminology,
as described in the rest of this chapter.
To compare SAS to parallel SCSI, see How is SAS Different from Parallel SCSI? on page 68.
- Installation and User’s Guide 1
- Copyright 2
- Trademarks 2
- Disclaimer 2
- Adaptec Customer Support 3
- Canadian Compliance Statement 5
- Contents 6
- Safety Information 10
- Technical Specifications 10
- About This Guide 11
- How to Find More Information 12
- Kit Contents and System 13
- Requirements 13
- Kit Contents 14
- System Requirements 14
- About Your RAID Controller 15
- Array-level Features 16
- Adding Enhanced Features 17
- About the Adaptec 4000 18
- About the Adaptec 4800SAS 19
- 256 MB also available 19
- About the Adaptec 4805SAS 20
- About the Adaptec 2420SA 21
- About the Adaptec 2820SA 22
- About the Adaptec 2130SLP 23
- About the Adaptec 2230SLP 24
- Getting Started 25
- Choosing a RAID Level 26
- Selecting Disk Drives 27
- Selecting Cables 28
- SATA Cables 29
- SCSI Cables 29
- Installation Options 30
- Basic Installation Steps 30
- In this chapter 31
- Before You Begin 32
- Installing the Controller 32
- Connecting External Devices 35
- Next Steps 36
- Creating a Bootable Array 37
- Setting the Boot Controller 38
- Creating an Array 38
- Making Your Array Bootable 41
- Installing the Driver and an 42
- Operating System 42
- Creating a Driver Disk 43
- Installing with Windows 44
- Installing with Red Hat Linux 44
- Installing with SUSE Linux 45
- Installing with NetWare 45
- Installing with OpenServer 46
- Installing with Solaris 46
- Installing with UnixWare 47
- Installing with VMWare 47
- Installing with FreeBSD 47
- Installing on Windows 51
- Installing on NetWare 51
- Installing on OpenServer 52
- Installing on Solaris 52
- Installing on UnixWare 53
- Installing on VMWare 53
- Installing on FreeBSD 53
- Managing Your Storage Space 55
- About Adaptec Storage Manager 56
- Which Utility Should I Use? 57
- Solving Problems 58
- Troubleshooting Checklist 59
- Silencing the Alarm 59
- Resetting the Controller 61
- In this appendix 62
- ) Web site at www.scsita.org 62
- What is SAS? 63
- What’s a Phy? 64
- What’s a SAS Port? 65
- What’s a SAS Address? 65
- What’s a SAS Connector? 65
- What do SAS Cables Look Like? 65
- Direct-attach Connections 66
- Backplane Connections 66
- SAS Expander Connections 67
- Understanding RAID 69
- Understanding Drive Segments 70
- Nonredundant Arrays (RAID 0) 70
- RAID 1 Arrays 71
- RAID 1 Enhanced Arrays 71
- RAID 10 Arrays 72
- RAID 5 Arrays 73
- RAID 5EE Arrays 74
- RAID 50 Arrays 75
- RAID 6 Arrays 76
- RAID 60 Arrays 76
- Selecting the Best RAID Level 77
- Using the Adaptec RAID 78
- Configuration Utility 78
- Running the ARC Utility 79
- Managing Existing Arrays 80
- Initializing Disk Drives 80
- Rescanning Disk Drives 80
- Secure Erasing Disk Drives 81
- Opening a -Select Utility 81
- Applying Changes and Exiting 81
- General Controller Settings 82
- Option Description 83
- Viewing the Event Log 85
- Running the ACU Using Scripts 88
- About Record Mode 89
- Required 90
- ? Description 90
- HotspareDrives=0:0:0,0:1:0 91
- Type=Volume 91
- Type=RAID1 91
- ACU exits with an error 92
- Keyword Description 93
- ACU Error Codes 94
- Sample Scripts 95
- Running the Menu-based AFU 99
- Running the 100
- Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) 104
- Environmental Specifications 106
- DC Power Requirements 106
- Current Requirements 106
- Index ● 108 108
- Index ● 109 109
- Index ● 110 110
- Index ● 111 111
- Adaptec, Inc 112
- 691 South Milpitas Boulevard 112
- Milpitas, CA 95035 USA 112
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